In the past two decades, the Government of Ethiopia has invested heavily in health system strengthening guided by its pro-poor policies and strategies resulting in significant gains in improving the health status of Ethiopians. Though good trends are observed, the country is still facing a triple burden of diseases consisting of communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases and injuries. Building on the lessons learned in implementing the earlier plans and to be highly responsive to the current socioeconomic landscape, the Government of Ethiopia has developed the Health Sector Transformation Plan (HSTP), with the ultimate purpose being to improve the health status of the peoples of Ethiopia in an equitable manner, serving as the Investment Case for the GFF. This document meticulously gives the details of this plan.